The problems of the past did not go away, they just continue to grow in complexity as environments grow. There is a mathematical, formula that shows that as the number of sub-components grows then the number of interconnections that must be managed grow at an exponential or even geometric rate.
![Integration Engineering Costs and Complexity will continue to grow as businesses move to software configured virtualized environments (the cloud)](https://test.meshiq.com/wp-content/uploads/061621VirtualizedEnvironments-scaled-1.jpg)